Bureaucracy

Bureaucracy is the structure and set of regulations in place to control activity, usually in large organizations and government. As opposed to adhocracy, it is represented by standardized procedure (rule-following) that dictates the execution of most or all processes within the body, formal division of powers, hierarchy, and relationships. In practice the interpretation and execution of policy can lead to informal influence.

Bureaucracy is a concept in sociology and political science referring to the way that the administrative execution and enforcement of legal rules are socially organized. Four structural concepts are central to any definition of bureaucracy.

A well-defined division of administrative labour among persons and offices.A personnel system with consistent patterns of recruitment and stable linear careers.

A hierarchy among offices, such that the authority and status are differentially distributed among actors, and a formal and informal networks that connect organizational actors to one another through flows of information and patterns of cooperation.